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Suborbital space tourism finally arrives | FCC prepares to run public C-band auction | The big four in the U.S. launch industry — United Launch Alliance, SpaceX, Blue Origin and Northrop Grumman — hope to be one of two providers that will receive five-year contracts later this year to launch national security payloads starting in 2022. | China’s launch rate stays high | The International Space Station is the largest ever crewed object in space.

 
Study shows online school reviews reflect school...
MIT researchers analyzed more than 800,000 online school reviews using advanced natural language processing, determining that reviews were largely associated with schools’ test scores — a measure that correlates closely with race and family income and tends to reinforce inequities in educational opportunity — rather than measures of student growth, which reflect how well schools actually help students learn. “Our hope is that parents who learn about our study will be highly discerning when they read school reviews and take...

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Microsystems Annual Research Conference goes virtual, preserves...
For 17 years, the Microsystems Annual Research Conference (MARC) has brought together an audience of over 200 every January for a two-day exploration of research achievements. A gathering that prizes personal interactions as much academic presentations, MARC traditionally takes place in New Hampshire, where skiing, snowshoeing, and social activities intermingle with poster sessions and technical talks. So, how could the spirit of MARC be preserved during a pandemic, when coming together is not possible? This was the major challenge...

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Study offers an explanation for why the...
One of the most significant genetic risk factors for developing Alzheimer’s disease is a gene called APOE4, which is carried by almost half of all Alzheimer’s patients. A new study from MIT shows that this gene has widespread effects on brain cells’ ability to metabolize lipids and respond to stress. In studies of human brain cells and yeast cells, the researchers found that the APOE4 gene significantly disrupts brain cells’ ability to carry out their normal functions. They also...

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Virtual bootcamps recruit from a wider world
Any past participant of MIT Bootcamps can tell you that the program lives up to the intensity implied by its name. But they’d also be quick to say that the military analogy extends even further — to an enduring camaraderie that tends to bind its members together for years after their experience has ended, across cohorts, industries, continents, and all walks of life. Though bootcamps shifted last year from a blended learning model to an all-virtual one, the structured,...

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MIT and Danish university students unite to...
Climate action is among the top priorities for the Institute and one that demands global solutions. With Denmark’s reputation as a leader in sustainable thinking, finding a way to bring the two together presented a natural synergy for the MIT-Denmark program. Part of MIT International Science and Technology Initiatives (MISTI), MIT-Denmark connects students and faculty with institutions and industry in Denmark to advance critical research, build new technologies, and create innovative partnerships. Despite the recent challenges due to pandemic-imposed...

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Helping soft robots turn rigid on demand
Imagine a robot. Perhaps you’ve just conjured a machine with a rigid, metallic exterior. While robots armored with hard exoskeletons are common, they’re not always ideal. Soft-bodied robots, inspired by fish or other squishy creatures, might better adapt to changing environments and work more safely with people. Roboticists generally have to decide whether to design a hard- or soft-bodied robot for a particular task. But that tradeoff may no longer be necessary. Working with computer simulations, MIT researchers have...

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MIT Solve announces 2021 global challenges
On March 1, MIT Solve launched its 2021 Global Challenges, with over $1.5 million in prize funding available to innovators worldwide. Solve seeks tech-based solutions from social entrepreneurs around the world that address five challenges. Anyone, anywhere can apply to address the challenges by the June 16 deadline. Solve also announced Eric s. Yuan, founder and CEO of Zoom, and Karlie Kloss, founder of Kode With Klossy, as 2021 Challenge Ambassadors.  To help with the challenge application process, Solve runs...

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Fostering ethical thinking in computing
Traditional computer scientists and engineers are trained to develop solutions for specific needs, but aren’t always trained to consider their broader implications. Each new technology generation, and particularly the rise of artificial intelligence, leads to new kinds of systems, new ways of creating tools, and new forms of data, for which norms, rules, and laws frequently have yet to catch up. The kinds of impact that such innovations have in the world has often not been apparent until many...

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Researchers virtually open and read sealed historic...
An international team of scholars has read an unopened letter from early modern Europe — without breaking its seal or damaging it in any way — using an automated computational flattening algorithm. The team, including MIT Libraries and Computer Science and Artificial Intelligence Laboratory (CSAIL) researchers and an MIT student and alumna, published their findings today in a Nature Communications article titled, “Unlocking history through automated virtual unfolding of sealed documents imaged by X-ray microtomography.”  The senders of these...

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Researchers introduce a new generation of tiny,...
If you’ve ever swatted a mosquito away from your face, only to have it return again (and again and again), you know that insects can be remarkably acrobatic and resilient in flight. Those traits help them navigate the aerial world, with all of its wind gusts, obstacles, and general uncertainty. Such traits are also hard to build into flying robots, but MIT Assistant Professor Kevin Yufeng Chen has built a system that approaches insects’ agility. Chen, a member of...

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SMART develops analytical tools to enable next-generation...
According to United Nations estimates, the global population is expected to grow by 2 billion within the next 30 years, giving rise to an expected increase in demand for food and agricultural products. Today, biotic and abiotic environmental stresses such as plant pathogens, sudden fluctuations in temperature, drought, soil salinity, and toxic metal pollution — made worse by climate change — impair crop productivity and lead to significant losses in agriculture yield worldwide. New work from the Singapore-MIT Alliance...

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Minor planet discovered by Lincoln Laboratory named...
In 1943, 13-year-old Liliana Segre and her widowed father were deported from Milan, Italy, to the Nazis’ Auschwitz concentration camp in Poland. Separated from her father, Liliana was selected to work in a munitions factory at the camp and tattooed with the number 75190. In 2021, 76 years after her liberation from Auschwitz, Liliana Segre was honored by the naming of minor planet 75190 as Segreliliana. Segre was recognized by the International Astronomical Union (IAU), which is charged with...

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MIT team improving gene therapies wins Sloan...
The MIT team Kano Therapeutics won the 2021 Sloan Healthcare Innovations Prize Thursday with its novel approach for producing single-stranded DNA (ssDNA). The technology could make gene therapies safer, more personalized, and cheaper. Most gene therapies utilize double-stranded DNA, which can miss its target in the body and produce unwanted side effects. Single-stranded DNA has the potential to more precisely deliver genetic material to cells, but manufacturing ssDNA is currently expensive and inflexible. Kano uses a novel approach to...

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Finding teammates on and off the field
As a star athlete in high school, Ben Delhees never dreamed he would one day attend the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Delhees, an Ohio native, was more of a sports fanatic — he competed in everything from football to basketball to baseball. Yet, one cold November morning, he found himself walking across MIT’s football field as its newest recruit. “At first, I was nervous, because I didn’t really know what to expect,” he says. “That changed after I met...

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Engineering the boundary between 2D and 3D...
In recent years, engineers have found ways to modify the properties of some “two- dimensional” materials, which are just one or a few atoms thick, by stacking two layers together and rotating one slightly in relation to the other. This creates what are known as moiré patterns, where tiny shifts in the alignment of atoms between the two sheets create larger-scale patterns. It also changes the way electrons move through the material, in potentially useful ways. But for practical...

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