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Suborbital space tourism finally arrives | FCC prepares to run public C-band auction | The big four in the U.S. launch industry — United Launch Alliance, SpaceX, Blue Origin and Northrop Grumman — hope to be one of two providers that will receive five-year contracts later this year to launch national security payloads starting in 2022. | China’s launch rate stays high | The International Space Station is the largest ever crewed object in space.

Method finds hidden warning signals in measurements...

When you’re responsible for a multimillion-dollar satellite hurtling through space at thousands of miles per hour, you want to be sure it’s running smoothly. And time series can help. A time series is simply a record of a measurement taken repeatedly over time. It can keep track of a system’s long-term trends and short-term blips. Examples include the infamous Covid-19 curve of new daily cases and the Keeling curve that has tracked atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations since 1958. In……

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Can mammogram screening be more effective?

About 35 percent of women get annual mammograms from age 40 onward. But the value of those screenings has been much debated, because mammograms for people in their 40s catch relatively few cases of breast cancer, generate plenty of false positive results, and produce some cases of unnecessary treatment. Thus, while some organizations have advocated for testing to start at age 40, in 2009 the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force recommended that women start regular mammogram screening at age……

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How to Play a Fiery Victorian Christmas...

This month, Gastro Obscura is sharing the recipes and stories behind amazing holiday dishes and drinks from around the world in the ongoing series “Home-Cooked Holidays.” In the 19th century, Christmas looked a little different. For holiday fun, revelers in the United States and England scared their friends with ghost stories, told fortunes, and played boisterous party games. One such game, snapdragon, is rarely part of anyone’s Christmas these days. After all, it involves pulling sweets from a puddle……

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Lydia raises another $86 million to build...

French fintech startup Lydia has extended its Series B round. Accel is leading the extension with all major existing shareholders also participating. Lydia first raised $45 million in January 2020 — Tencent led that investment. The startup is now raising another $86 million, which means that Lydia has raised $131 million in total as part of its Series B round. While Lydia wouldn’t discuss the valuation of the round, its co-founder and CEO gave me a hint. “The value……

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The Italian Immigrants Who Grew Fig Trees...

They brought them in suitcases and in trunks, tucked into the corners of boats and, later, on airplanes. Seeds that became rapini, cardoons, artichokes, cucuzza squash. Cuttings from knobby grape vines that flourished into backyard arbors. And, above all, bits of stick that grew into fig trees. Starting in the late 1800s, when Italian immigrants poured into U.S. port cities, the Mediterranean trees took root in unexpected places: Astoria, Cleveland, Pittsburgh, Bayonne, cities whose cold-weather climates seemed hostile to……

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MIT to share in $3.2 million grant...

At the end of October, the Commonwealth of Massachusetts announced it won a $3.2 million, two-year grant, in collaboration with MIT, community colleges, and state agencies, to prepare workers for stable high-paying jobs in advanced manufacturing. The program, called MassBridge, will create a curriculum that bridges between the Commonwealth’s excellent traditional manufacturing education and the advanced manufacturing needs of today’s economy. Massachusetts will serve as a foundry and pilot for this curriculum, which can later be used by other……

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James Fujimoto wins the Visionary Prize from...

On Dec. 14, the Sanford and Susan Greenberg Prize to End Blindness honored 13 scientists who have made extraordinary headway in the worldwide battle against blindness. Among them was James G. Fujimoto, the Elihu Thomson Professor of Electrical Engineering within MIT’s Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS). Recipients of the Greenberg Prize are honored in two categories: the Outstanding Achievement Prize, highlighting strides toward treating and curing blindness, and the Visionary Prize, providing funding for scientists whose research……

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Trying to Make Sense of the Mystery...

Historians are going to have their work cut out for them when they try to bring sense to the strange cascade that has been 2020. Every month brought something that seemed more eventful than the last. Then came the monoliths. If—by a force more mystifying than the monoliths themselves—you’re still not familiar with the story, here’s the basic (far from comprehensive) rundown. On November 18, 2020, officers from Utah’s Department of Public Safety were conducting a routine flyover of……

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Bardia National Park in Nepal

A little more than 60 Royal Bengal tigers roam Bardia National Park, around one-fourth the total tiger population in Nepal. Together with the adjacent Banke National Park, Bardia forms part of the 860 square mile Tiger Conservation Unit, where visitors have a sporting chance of seeing the usually elusive great cats in the wild. Because it’s more remote than the better known Chitwan National Park, few people visit the less developed Bardia, allowing flora and fauna to flourish. Tigers……

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Wind Phone in Marshall, North Carolina

There is a place in North Carolina where some believe you can make a phone call to those who passed on. In Marshall, just north of Asheville, resides a phone booth that contains a disconnected rotary phone. Visitors enter the booth, dial, and talk to those who they have not forgotten. The concept behind the booth is that words spoken through the phone will be carried into the wind to the other side.  The Wind Phone is a replica……

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Uravan in Uravan, Colorado

In the early 20th century, a mining boom swept through Western Colorado and Eastern Utah in search of vanadium, a valuable element used to reinforce steel. Uravan began as a single mill and quickly boomed once the U.S. Vanadium Corporation discovered rich deposits in the surrounding valley. But vanadium became overshadowed by another element found as a byproduct of its extraction: uranium, which quickly gained value as work on atomic science gripped the world in the 1930s and ’40s…….

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New type of atomic clock keeps time...

Atomic clocks are the most precise timekeepers in the world. These exquisite instruments use lasers to measure the vibrations of atoms, which oscillate at a constant frequency, like many microscopic pendulums swinging in sync. The best atomic clocks in the world keep time with such precision that, if they had been running since the beginning of the universe, they would only be off by about half a second today. Still, they could be even more precise. If atomic clocks……

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Ultracold atoms reveal a new type of...

A new study illuminates surprising choreography among spinning atoms. In a paper appearing today in the journal Nature, researchers from MIT and Harvard University reveal how magnetic forces at the quantum, atomic scale affect how atoms orient their spins. In experiments with ultracold lithium atoms, the researchers observed different ways in which the spins of the atoms evolve. Like tippy ballerinas pirouetting back to upright positions, the spinning atoms return to an equilibrium orientation in a way that depends……

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Upstart and Wish price their debuts as...

Today we’re digging into the IPO pricing of Upstart and Wish, perhaps the final fintech and e-commerce debuts of the year. Both unicorns priced last night and will begin trading this morning. But first, a programming note: The Exchange will publish through next Tuesday before taking a break until 2021; the last newsletter of the year will go out this weekend. And, just while we’re here, Equity will continue to drop, with some special episodes being compiled this week…….

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John Eliot Memorial in Newton, Massachuetts

John Eliot was a missionary who came from Cambridge, England to Boston in 1630. His major interest was the conversion of the native population of Massachusetts Bay. This desire led him to translate the Bible and other religious material into the Wampanoag dialect of Native Americans, who inhabited the area they called Nonantum. Eliot preached at Nonantum under the famed Oak and converted several Native Americans to Christianity. This culminated with the 1646 conversion of Chief Waban in his……

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